Since the end of 2010, the Price of chili have been increasing. The price may reach several times higher than normal price. People was wondering, what exactly lies behind this phenomenon? Chili is actually only a small part of the scope of this farm, but it capable to make many people fidgety.
Minister of Agriculture BEM KM IPB identifies there are three main problems causing the price increase of chili. The First problem are pests and diseases that attack the chilies and dicreasing chili’s productivity. There are several types of diseases that damaged chili plants, it’s such jaundice and anthracnose. Jaundice is caused by a Gemini virus and it have been damaged in Bojonegoro, East Java and damaged up to 30% of production. Today, this disease outbreak has been discovered in West Java, Yogyakarta, and South Kalimantan. Meanwhile, with rainfall that is still quite intense, allowing the Colletotrichum capsisi fungus, cause disease of anthracnose growing and destroy between 20-90% of production. One of the reasons expressed by the government to respond this phenomenon is “the rain” which made chili became rotten, and it made many farmers become failure of harvesting. Scientifically, the contains of rain is Nitrogen then absorbed by the soil, in addition the provision of Nitrogen content too much by farmers, made elemental of Nitrogen absorbed by plants becomes excessive, so the process of decomposition occur faster.
The second problem are natural disasters of the eruption of Mount Merapi which makes a variety of agricultural crops around the disaster site to be damaged. Magelang as one of center of chili , also affected by volcanic ash, so it became the reasons for increasing price of chili and other vegetables.
The last problem is the act of dealers or speculators who control the market price. Chili is one commodity that demand tends to increase as population growth in the world. In our country in particular, the need for chili always increases when there are celebrations, and if the productivity of chili decreased, the speculators will play a trick to raise prices, finally competition occur among customers who really need it. At least three problems above are able to give an idea to determine what steps should take by the students, and what solutions can be offered to the government.
Synergy between the various stakeholders must be prioritied over personal interests. Minister of Agriculture BEM KM IPB added, cluster systems which have been implemented in Tegal, which consist of entrepreneurs, governments, institutions, and farmers, can become a good example. It is necessary to improve the bargaining position of farmers, so that not always felt the smallest benefits, or in other word they suffering a financial lose actually. One of the study participants revealed that for agricultural commodities such as chili, which is the raw material that can be processed into other products, has different value between present value and future value . The prices of fresh chili is fluctuative , and currently experiencing an increase, but it not occur to bottled sauce based chili, prices tend not changed. Quoted Minister of Trade, that when the price of pepper rose, we have to find substitute goods, do not be too confused. Again it about the culture of Indonesia people who can not change chili with bottled sauce but they should make decisions wisely.
Several solution are tried to offer of this study. The concept of planting chili in the yard to be one alternative. Actually, the Minister of Agriculture had already launched a movement. Then here the role of students to move real, do not let it just be a mere suggestion, without any realization in the field. Although the cultivation of chili is relative easy, people still require assistance to convince that they planted chili successfully, and it grow up and bear fruit. Not only chili actually, the other various of agricultural commodities also can be planted in the yard, or with polybags media. Thus, if oneday their productivity has decreased, and fluctuations in market prices, people do not need to be confuse because they have a backup by planting chili in their own yard.
Beside that, based on this phenomenon, the government need to make relevant policy on maximum price of chili in the market. Because if it was not applied , the speculators can freely play the price, and would be very detrimental to consumers. Chili price information system also needed to avoid public victimization. In addition, all commodities should get supervision from the government, not just certain commodities, because it is difficult to guarantee price stability and productivity of a commodity. Finally, we require the use of technology dried chili. In addition to a long-term solution, with this technology, will increase the value of products produced.
Therefore, we are from the Ministry of Agriculture BEM KM IPB invite you from various institutional and scientific disciplines, to joint and provide a real solution to this problem. Let's move together, synergic , to create the better future of agriculture. (translated by: arm)
All hail Indonesian Farming!
Ministry of Agriculture BEM KM IPB
Cabinet Of IPB BERSAHABAT
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